One-hundred-year-old mixed white spruce–aspen stands were partially cut in 1953, 1954, and 1955 and scarified leaving treatments that retained 14–100% of total stand basal area. Composition of the...
Climate change refugia are areas that are relatively buffered from contemporary climate change and may be important safe havens for wildlife and plants under anthropogenic climate change. Topographic...
The occurrence of winter damage to young conifer seedlings should be a concern to all silviculturists practicing in areas where the problem exists. Similarly, the physics of the injury mechanism and...