This dissertation consists of three studies conducted in order to expand knowledge of volunteer
participation. First, a systematic map of the literature on volunteer motivation resulted in a typology of the
15 most commonly studied motivations. Second, a survey of volunteers for nature-based non-profits
clarifies project organization and its connection to volunteer engagement. Third, a qualitative case study
of a community project operationalizes grassroots ecological restoration, specifically exploring the
concept of a convivial community tool. Together they reveal the importance of relationships between
volunteers and the ability of interconnected groups to overcome barriers to engagement in ecological
restoration.